Ethereum Protocol Attackathon Academy

Learn about the basics of Ethereum, a decentralized platform that enables smart contracts and decentralized applications (dApps) to be built and run without any downtime, fraud, control, or interference.

Explore what Ether (ETH) is, its role in the Ethereum network, and how it powers transactions and smart contracts within the ecosystem.

Understand the different types of accounts in Ethereum, including externally owned accounts (EOAs) and contract accounts, and how they interact with the blockchain.

Delve into the mechanics of transactions on the Ethereum network, including how they are created, signed, and executed.

Discover the structure and function of blocks in the Ethereum blockchain, including how they store transaction data and help maintain network security.

Learn about the different components that make up an Ethereum node, the role of nodes and clients, and how they contribute to the network's operation.

Get an overview of the cryptographic techniques used in Ethereum, including digital signatures, which ensure the integrity and authenticity of transactions.

Explore the data structure known as the Merkle-Patricia Trie, which is used by Ethereum to store key-value pairs in a secure and efficient manner.

Learn about Ethereum Improvement Proposals (EIPs), the process by which changes and upgrades to the Ethereum network are proposed, discussed, and implemented.

Understand the Proof-of-Stake (PoS) consensus mechanism, how it differs from Proof-of-Work (PoW), and its benefits for the Ethereum network.

Discover how blocks are proposed and validated in a Proof-of-Stake system, including the roles of validators and attestations.

Get to know the Beacon Chain, its role in Ethereum 2.0, and how it helps manage and coordinate the Proof-of-Stake network.

Explore the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM), the runtime environment for smart contracts on Ethereum, and its importance in executing decentralized applications.

Learn about the architecture of an Ethereum node, including its components and how they work together to maintain the blockchain.

A visual guide to the Engine API, which helps developers interact with and build on the Ethereum network more efficiently.

Delve into the networking layer of Ethereum, which ensures secure and reliable communication between nodes in the decentralized network.

An in-depth look at the cryptographic principles and methods that underpin the security and functionality of the Ethereum blockchain.

A comprehensive examination of the Beacon Chain, detailing its structure, functionality, and significance in the Ethereum 2.0 upgrade.

Understand the Gasper finality mechanism used in Ethereum's Proof-of-Stake consensus, ensuring blocks are finalized and part of the canonical chain.

Learn about weak subjectivity in the context of Proof-of-Stake, including its implications for network security and validator responsibilities.

Discover the concept of attestations in Ethereum, how they are used in the consensus process, and their importance in maintaining network integrity.

Explore the system of rewards and penalties for validators in Ethereum's Proof-of-Stake mechanism, incentivizing honest behavior and network participation.

Learn about the various attack vectors in a Proof-of-Stake system and the defensive measures in place to protect the network.

An overview of the Ethereum consensus specification, detailing the rules and protocols that ensure the blockchain's consistency and security.

A deep dive into the Casper finality mechanism, which helps achieve consensus in Ethereum's Proof-of-Stake network.

The first part of an in-depth exploration of the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM), covering its architecture and functionality.

The second part of the exploration of the EVM, focusing on advanced topics and deeper technical details.

Learn about gas and fees in Ethereum, how they work, and their role in incentivizing miners and validators to process transactions.

An in-depth look at EVM opcodes, the low-level instructions executed by the Ethereum Virtual Machine.

Understand optimistic rollups, a layer 2 scaling solution for Ethereum that aims to increase transaction throughput and reduce costs.

Start with an overview of the Dencun upgrade, outlining the changes and improvements in the upcoming Cancun-Deneb hard fork on Ethereum. This includes a detailed exploration of two Cancun-specific execution layer upgrades: EIP-6780 and EIP-5656.

Examine key upgrades focused on staking and validators, specifically EIP-7044 and EIP-7045.

Explore EIP-4788, an upgrade aimed at reducing trust assumptions in staking pools and restaking arrangements.

Understand EIP-7514, which will modify the validator churn limit, and EIP-1153, which introduces transient storage opcodes to the EVM execution layer.

Discover EIP-4844, also known as “proto-danksharding,” which will significantly reduce the cost of posting L2 rollup data to the Ethereum mainnet using “blobs.”

An introduction to Dank Sharding, a proposed scaling solution for Ethereum that aims to increase the network's capacity and efficiency.

Frequently asked questions about Dank Sharding, providing answers and clarifications about this scaling solution.

Explore Verkle Trees, a new cryptographic data structure proposed for Ethereum to improve scalability and efficiency.

A beginner's guide to Solidity, Ethereum's programming language for writing smart contracts, including basic concepts and examples.

Learn how to analyze the compilation output of Solidity contracts, understanding the generated bytecode and its implications.

Understand how state variables are laid out in Ethereum's storage, affecting gas costs and contract interactions.

Discover how state variables are organized in memory during contract execution, impacting performance and efficiency.

Explore how state variables are managed in calldata, a data location used for function arguments in Solidity contracts.

Learn about the Solidity optimizer, a tool that improves the efficiency of compiled smart contract code, reducing gas costs.

An overview of SMTChecker and formal verification tools in Solidity, used to ensure the correctness and security of smart contracts.

Explore the official Vyper documentation, offering in-depth guides, syntax explanations, and best practices for writing secure and efficient Ethereum smart contracts using the Vyper language.

Learn about the process by which Vyper source code is transformed into Ethereum bytecode, enabling the deployment of smart contracts to the blockchain and providing insights into the bytecode structure.

Delve into jump tables in Vyper, an advanced technique used to optimize contract execution by improving the efficiency of conditional branching, leading to reduced gas costs and streamlined logic.

Review notable vulnerabilities discovered in the Vyper compiler over time, and gain insights into how these issues have shaped the current security practices in Vyper development.

An overview of Attacknet, a tool and testing methodology for subjecting blockchain devnets to simulated network and side channel attacks.

Documentation on the execution-spec-tests framework used to help uncover issues in the execution layer.

Documentation on using PySpec to run tests for the Ethereum consensus layer.

A step-by-step guide on how to set up and install the Solidity compiler, including building from source.

Instructions on how to run PoC tests for the Solidity compiler, helping to identify and fix potential issues.

Instructions on how to run PoC tests for the Vyper compiler, helping to identify and fix potential issues.

A compilation of instructions on how to run PoC tests for individual client software.

Public disclosures related to the consensus layer of Ethereum, detailing identified issues and their resolutions.

The second part of public disclosures for the consensus layer, providing updates on new findings and fixes.

Public disclosures for the execution layer of Ethereum, covering known vulnerabilities and their mitigations.

The second part of public disclosures for the execution layer, discussing additional vulnerabilities and fixes.

A compiled list of known issues from client and language teams, providing insights into current limitations and bugs.

An analysis of client diversity in the Ethereum network, examining the distribution of different clients and their impact on the network's security and decentralization.

A comprehensive guide to the terminology used in the Ethereum ecosystem, helping newcomers understand key concepts and jargon.

The Ethereum white paper which outlines the vision, principles, and technical foundation of Ethereum.

A detailed technical specification of Ethereum, known as the Yellow Paper, which provides an in-depth look at the protocol's mechanics and architecture.

All further resources will be available via the following Slite page.